English+Settlement+of+the+Southern+Colonies,+Chapter+2

Queen Elizabeth inspires exploration- When queen Elizabeth took the throne in 1558 she wished to gain riches for England and encouraged exploration.** __**The Colonies**__
 * __English Exploration /Colonization of New World__
 * **In 1583 Sir Humphrey Gilbert attempts to settle in Newfoundland but fails, this is the first attempt of colonization in the New World.**
 * **In 1585 Sir Walter Raleigh makes a settlement on the Roanoke islands, but settlement fails.**
 * **In 1588 England defeats the Spanish Armada causing the English to become a world power.**
 * **Due to increase in population and to the creation of joint stock companies, colonization of New World began with the colony of Jamestown.**
 * **In 1607 Jamestown was formed, early years full of death and disease, it was only until John Rolfe discovered how to grow tobacco that the colony began to succeed.**
 * [[image:Jamestown_Fort.jpg width="378" height="180" align="left" link="http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.scott.k12.va.us/martha2/images/Jamestown%2520Fort.jpg&imgrefurl=http://scott.k12.va.us/martha2/jamestown.htm&h=368&w=640&sz=199&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=0QenTjb6k2_S3M:&tbnh=79&tbnw=137&prev=/images%3Fq%3Djamestown%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG"]][[image:tobacco4.jpg width="368" height="181" link="http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.agecon.vt.edu/biotechimpact/images/tobacco/tobacco4.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.agecon.vt.edu/biotechimpact/tobacco/tobaccoreports.htm&h=578&w=791&sz=446&hl=en&start=15&tbnid=rhyb3McRR520TM:&tbnh=104&tbnw=143&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dtobacco%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG"]]
 * Virginia**-Jamestown was the first colony in America. Tobacco played a major role in the economy. Started the plantation system and planted the seeds of the North American slave system. Virginia was also famous for its creation of The House of Burgesses.[[image:file:Jamestown%20Fort.jpg]]
 * Maryland-**Known as a Catholic refuge founded by Lord Baltimore in 1634. Was the second plantation colony. Tobacco helped the economy bloom. The Act of Toleration guaranteed tolerance to all Christians and persecuted Jews and atheists.
 * North Carolina-**A plantation colony. Very democratic. Enslaved Native Americans. Separated from South Carolina in 1712. Occupied by the outcasts of Virginia. Developed a strong spirit of resistance to authority.
 * South Carolina-**An aristocratic, plantation colony. Rice was a staple crop . Established a vigorous slave trade. Had bad relationships with the Native Americans. Founded in 1670 with Charleston as its main city.
 * Georgia-**Founded in 1733. It was the last of the 13 colonies. English crown intended Georgia to serve chiefly as a buffer colony to defend the Carolinas against the Spanish and the French. Named after King George II. James Oglethorpe was the leader of Georgia. He repelled Spanish attacks and saved the colony with his energetic leadership. Georgia grew the slowest out of all of the colonies because of the attacks from the Spanish and the harsh climate that prevented the growth of a staple crop.




 * The Plantation Colonies**
 * Each of the southern colonies were plantation colonies. [[image:slaves.gif width="346" height="288" align="right" link="http://www.scott.k12.va.us/mvermillion/images/slaves.gif"]]
 * The most notable crops were tobacco and rice.
 * Slavery was present in all the plantation colonies.
 * Growth of cities was slow due to large amounts of widespread plantations.
 * With the exception of North Carolina, all the colonies were aristocratic.
 * All of the plantation colonies permitted some religious toleration.
 * Problems with Indians existed in all of the colonies.